Solidarity economies, characterized by diverse practices of cooperation and mutual support, have long played pivotal but largely invisible roles in fostering shared survival and envisioning alternatives to racial capitalism globally and in the United States. This book maps the thriving existence of these cooperative networks in three differently sized American cities, highlighting their commitment to cooperation, democracy, and inclusion and

This concluding chapter summarises some of the key insights from the chapters of the book. It argues that the mafia transcends an organization of criminals, but might be read as a particular form of paralegal power, founded on resilient expressions of social violence. Drawing on empirical examples from the texts gathered in the anthology, two themes are identified are being distinctive to mafia power throughout its history: political